9010-79-1 - HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N - Ethene, polymer with 1-propene - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information. Ethyne is an organic compound having the chemical formula C 2 H 2. 0 votes . Ethane can also be separated from petroleum gas, a mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons produced as a byproduct of petroleum refining. Oxidative chlorination of ethane has long appeared to be a potentially more economical route to vinyl chloride than ethene chlorination. Ethylene is a hormone that affects the ripening and flowering of many plants. Molecular formula of ethene: C2H4 or CH2=CH2Therefore an ethene molecule contains FOUR hydrogen atoms. DTXSID90482058. Home; About us; Membership & professional community; Campaigning & outreach; Journals, books & databases ; Teaching & learning; News & events; Locations & contacts; Home; About us; Web APIs; Help; Sign in; ChemSpider Search and share chemistry. Polyethylene consumes more than half of the world's ethylene supply. [citation needed]. Some minor products in the incomplete combustion of ethane include acetaldehyde, methane, methanol, and ethanol. The chief use of ethane is the production of ethene (ethylene) by steam cracking. 1). (iv) Both A and R are false. [34][5] It remained in use through the 1940s use even while chloroform was being phased out. The Lummus process produces mixed n-butenes (primarily 2-butenes) while the IFP process produces 1-butene. It is a colorless flammable gas with a faint "sweet and musky" odour when pure. It is widely used as a plant hormone, as a refrigerant, and as a food additive. Covalent bonding diagram for ETHENE covalent molecule, molecular formula C 2 H 4 * metals \ non-metals (zig-zag line) Pd: metals: Part of the modern Periodic Table . It is flammable and lighter when compared to air. 1 Answer. Hydrocarbons: Hydrocarbons are a general class of organic molecules composed of hydrogen and … The simplest structural formula, drawn either in a condensed or in an expanded version, reveals that ethane consists of two carbon atoms bonded to one another, each carbon atom bearing three hydrogen atoms. How the equation C2H4 02 - CO2 H2O balance? At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odorless gas. [11][16], Global ethylene production was 107 million tonnes in 2005,[7] 109 million tonnes in 2006,[17] 138 million tonnes in 2010, and 141 million tonnes in 2011. The chemical formula of ethene is C 2 H 4. The main method practiced since the mid-1990s is the direct hydration of ethylene catalyzed by solid acid catalysts:[14]. In this technique, an aqueous solution of an acetate salt is electrolysed. The molecular geometry of ethene is planar. [7] Ethane was discovered dissolved in Pennsylvanian light crude oil by Edmund Ronalds in 1864.[8][9]. Infrared telescopic observations cast significant doubt on this hypothesis, and the Huygens probe, which landed on Titan in 2005, failed to observe any surface liquids, although it did photograph features that could be presently dry drainage channels. Molecular formula of ethene: C2H4 or CH2=CH2Therefore an ethene molecule contains FOUR hydrogen atoms. Ethane (/ˈɛθeɪn/ or /ˈiːθeɪn/) is an organic chemical compound with chemical formula C2H6. Products from Oil. 2020-12-26. The economic viability of this process may rely on the low cost of ethane near Saudi oil fields, and it may not be competitive with methanol carbonylation elsewhere in the world. When exposed to heat or fire for a long duration, the containers can explode. Being a simple molecule, ethylene is spectroscopically simple. [20] Other technologies employed for the production of ethylene include oxidative coupling of methane, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, methanol-to-olefins (MTO), and catalytic dehydrogenation. Direct contact with liquid ethane can result in severe frostbite. Ethane can displace oxygen and become an asphyxiation hazard. Solid ethane exists in several modifications. When mixed with air at 3.0%–12.5% by volume, it forms an explosive mixture. There are two ways to view that ratio. Subscripts after element symbols represent the number of atoms. On a much smaller scale, in scientific research, liquid ethane is used to vitrify water-rich samples for electron microscopy (cryo-electron microscopy). At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odorless gas. i.e. 89.9 K (−183.2 °C; −297.8 °F) changes it to monoclinic metastable ethane II (space group P 21/n). Use the molecular formula of ethylene to explain your answer. For the emergency service protocol, see, Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their. Ethene has the formula \(C_2H_4\) and is the simplest alkene because it has the fewest carbons (two) necessary for a carbon-carbon double bond. Many reactions of ethylene are catalyzed by transition metals, which bind transiently to the ethylene using both the π and π* orbitals. The bond parameters of ethane have been measured to high precision by microwave spectroscopy and electron diffraction: rC–C = 1.528(3) Å, rC–H = 1.088(5) Å, and ∠CCH = 111.6(5)° by microwave and rC–C = 1.524(3) Å, rC–H = 1.089(5) Å, and ∠CCH = 111.9(5)° by electron diffraction (the numbers in parentheses represents the uncertainties in the final digits).[13]. The name ethane is derived from the IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry. Molar mass of C2H4 = 28.05316 g/mol. Like many hydrocarbons, ethane is isolated on an industrial scale from natural gas and as a petrochemical by-product of petroleum refining. A hydrogen atom has 1 electron in its outer shell. I. Single-crystal X-ray structure determinations of two modifications of ethane", 10.1002/1521-3773(20021004)41:19<3579::AID-ANIE3579>3.0.CO;2-S, "Ueber die Aufhebung der freien Drehbarkeit von einfach verbundenen Kohlenstoffatomen", "Theoretische Ergebnisse der Studien in der Bernsteinsäuregruppe", "Die dynamische Hypothese in ihrer Anwendung auf die Bernsteinsäuregruppe", "Die Anwendung der dynamischen Hypothese auf Ketonsäurederivate", "Long-term decline of global atmospheric ethane concentrations and implications for methane", "Fugitive emissions from the Bakken shale illustrate role of shale production in global ethane shift", "One oil field a key culprit in global ethane gas increase", "NASA Confirms Liquid Lake on Saturn Moon", Market-Driven Evolution of Gas Processing Technologies for NGLs, Hydrogen chalcogenides (Group 16 hydrides), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ethane&oldid=996739138, Pages using collapsible list with both background and text-align in titlestyle, Articles containing unverified chemical infoboxes, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2019, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from March 2016, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 28 December 2020, at 10:26. poly(ethene) is the polymer; The C=C double bond in ethene is involved in the polymerisation reaction. [22] It can be produced via dehydration of ethanol with sulfuric acid or in the gas phase with aluminium oxide. Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocarbon which has the formula C2H4 or H2C=CH2. The chemistry of ethane involves chiefly free radical reactions. COMPOSITION OF ETHENE: Ethene molecule consists of two carbon atoms and four H-atoms i.e. [9] The hydrate of ethylene is ethanol. Ethene is the simplest alkene molecule, having two carbons and four hydrogens. 25213-02-9 - ALSOCDGAZNNNME-UHFFFAOYSA-N - 1-Hexene, polymer with ethene - Similar structures search, synonyms, formulas, resource links, and other chemical information. Like many hydrocarbons, ethane is isolated on an industrial scale from natural gas and as a petrochemical by-product of petroleum refining. Note that the molecular formula for ethene is C 2 H 4, whereas that for ethane is C 2 H 6. C20H40. Ethene: molecular formula: C 2 H 4 empirical formula: CH 2 Cyclopropane: molecular formula: C 3 H 6 empirical formula: CH 2 The empirical formula is always the smallest whole-number mole ratio of the elements in a compound. [30] This group also discovered that ethylene could be combined with chlorine to produce the oil of the Dutch chemists, 1,2-dichloroethane; this discovery gave ethylene the name used for it at that time, olefiant gas (oil-making gas. Ethylene is a fundamental ligand in transition metal alkene complexes. that ethane produced in this fashion on Titan rained back onto the moon's surface, and over time had accumulated into hydrocarbon seas or oceans covering much of the moon's surface. Ethane gives a classic, simple example of such a rotational barrier, sometimes called the "ethane barrier". This process converts large hydrocarbons into smaller ones and introduces unsaturation. Molecular Formula. Ethylene-13C2. Hofmann's system eventually became the basis for the Geneva nomenclature approved by the International Congress of Chemists in 1892, which remains at the core of the IUPAC nomenclature. Molecular formula of ethene: C2H4 or CH2=CH2Therefore an ethene molecule contains FOUR hydrogen atoms. This conversion remains a major industrial process (10M kg/y). Therefore, ethene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon. CH2=CH2 NATURE OF HYBRIDIZATION: In ethene molecule each C-atom is Sp2-hybridized.Due to Sp2-hybridization each C-atom generates three Sp2-hybrid orbitals.In … • Ethane has single bonds only, but ethene has a double bond. ; ‘Feasibility of reconstructing paleoatmospheric records of selected alkanes, methyl halides, and sulfur gases from Greenland ice cores’; Hodnebrog, Øivind; Dalsøren, Stig B. and Myrhe, Gunnar; ‘Lifetimes, direct and indirect radiative forcing, and globalwarming potentials of ethane (C, "On the products of the action of potassium on cyanide of ethyl", "On the isolation of the organic radicals", "Ueber die Identität des Aethylwasserstoffs und des Methyls", "Single-crystal structures and electron density distributions of ethane, ethylene and acetylene. Its molar mass is 28.04 g mol -1. The Rh-catalysed hydroformylation of ethylene is conducted on industrial scale to provide propionaldehyde. Classification Code. [35], This article is about the chemical compound. Atmospheric ethane results from the Sun's photochemical action on methane gas, also present in these atmospheres: ultraviolet photons of shorter wavelengths than 160 nm can photo-dissociate the methane molecule into a methyl radical and a hydrogen atom. Laboratory Chemical Safety Summary (LCSS) Datasheet. Ethane is an organic compound having the chemical formula C 2 H 6. The double bond is a region of high electron density, thus it is susceptible to attack by electrophiles. C 2 H 4 O + H 2 O → HO−CH 2 CH 2 −OH. Therefore, its chemical behavior is similar to paraffin. It is also called Ethene or Polyethylene or Etileno. TSCA Flag XU (Exempt from Reporting under Chemical Data Reporting Rule) Molecular Formula (C3-H6.C2-H4)x-Molecular Weight. Structure, properties, spectra, suppliers and links for: ethane-1,2-diol - ethene (1:6). [29] The properties of ethylene were studied in 1795 by four Dutch chemists, Johann Rudolph Deimann, Adrien Paets van Troostwyck, Anthoni Lauwerenburgh and Nicolas Bondt, who found that it differed from hydrogen gas and that it contained both carbon and hydrogen. asked Oct 22 in Chemistry by Jaanvi01 (58.0k points) carbon and its compounds; class-10; 0 votes. ›› Ethene molecular weight. [15] Another use is as a welding gas. Both carbon atoms of ethene are sp 2 … Economics of building and running processing plants can change, however. Prior to the 1960s, ethane and larger molecules were typically not separated from the methane component of natural gas, but simply burnt along with the methane as a fuel. Ethene is an organic compound having the chemical formula C 2 H 4. CHEMISTRY OF ETHENE INTRODUCTION Molecular formula = C2H4 Empirical formula = CH2 Molecular mass = 28 Empirical mass = 14 Homologous series = alkene STRUCTURE OF ETHENE COMPOSITION OF EHTHENE: Ethene molecule consists of two carbon atoms and four H-atoms. It is primarily used to make films in packaging, carrier bags and trash liners. To meet the ever-increasing demand for ethylene, sharp increases in production facilities are added globally, particularly in the Mideast and in China. It is not a carcinogen. Ethylene is a major commercial chemical. 2.2k views. 1,1-Ethenediol. When we look at the molecules of C2H4 it has 2 CH molecules and 4 H molecules. Introduction. Used in production of polyethylene but also important as a plant hormone. Black=C, white=H. In 1866, the German chemist August Wilhelm von Hofmann proposed a system of hydrocarbon nomenclature in which the suffixes -ane, -ene, -ine, -one, and -une were used to denote the hydrocarbons with 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 fewer hydrogens than their parent alkane. Ethylene oxide is also hydrolyzed to produce ethylene glycol, widely used as an automotive antifreeze as well as higher molecular weight glycols, glycol ethers, and polyethylene terephthalate. Molecular Formula. the ratio of the elements present in the gas = 2:4 or 1 : 2. empirical formula of ethene is CH2 The structural formula for ethene is . When ethane is the feedstock, ethylene is the product. One important route by which the carbon-carbon bond in ethane is broken, to yield these single-carbon products, is the decomposition of the ethoxy radical into a methyl radical and formaldehyde, which can in turn undergo further oxidation. Experimentally, ethane is under investigation as a feedstock for other commodity chemicals. If there is no subscript, it means one atom is … [28] Joseph Priestley also mentions the gas in his Experiments and observations relating to the various branches of natural philosophy: with a continuation of the observations on air (1779), where he reports that Jan Ingenhousz saw ethylene synthesized in the same way by a Mr. Enée in Amsterdam in 1777 and that Ingenhousz subsequently produced the gas himself. (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 74851; Active phase: Polydimethyl siloxanes; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Zenkevich, I.G., Influence of the Variations of Dynamics Molecular Parameterts on the Additivity of Chromatigraphic Retention Indices of Products of Organic Reactions Relative to Initial Reagents, Dokl. [13], The hydroformylation (oxo reaction) of ethylene results in propionaldehyde, a precursor to propionic acid and n-propyl alcohol. [31] It has been detected as a trace component in the atmospheres of all four giant planets, and in the atmosphere of Saturn's moon Titan.[32]. Note that the molecular formula for ethene is C 2 H 4, whereas that for ethane is C 2 H 6. • Molecular formula of ethene is C 2 H 4, for ethane it is C 2 H 6. In the mid-19th century, the suffix -ene (an Ancient Greek root added to the end of female names meaning "daughter of") was widely used to refer to a molecule or part thereof that contained one fewer hydrogen atoms than the molecule being modified. This will clear students doubts about any question and improve application skills while preparing for board exams. Hydrogen can only form 1 bond.. Its chief use is as feedstock for ethylene production. Combustion occurs by a complex series of free-radical reactions. If the formula of the compound is given, then count the number of atoms attached to each carbon and the type of bonds - single, double, or triple. Ethylene glycol is produced from ethylene (ethene), via the intermediate ethylene oxide.Ethylene oxide reacts with water to produce ethylene glycol according to the chemical equation: . Products of these intermediates include polystyrene, unsaturated polyesters and ethylene-propylene terpolymers. Molecular Weight. Molecular Formula. Reason (R) : The empirical formula represents the simplest whole number ratio of various atoms present in a compound. [21][22][23][24], After methane, ethane is the second-largest component of natural gas. This reaction proceeds through the propagation of the ethyl radical: Because halogenated ethanes can undergo further free radical halogenation, this process results in a mixture of several halogenated products. Its UV-vis spectrum is still used as a test of theoretical methods.[10]. [27] Global ethane emission rates declined from 1984 to 2010,[27] though increased shale gas production at the Bakken Formation in the U.S. has arrested the decline by half. A carbon atom has 4 electrons in its outer shell. At room temperature, ethane is an extremely flammable gas. Linear alpha-olefins, produced by oligomerization (formation of short polymers) are used as precursors, detergents, plasticisers, synthetic lubricants, additives, and also as co-monomers in the production of polyethylenes.[11]. C2H4 is a simplest alkene with chemical name Ethylene. Substance Name: Ethene, polymer with 1-propene RN: 9010-79-1 InChIKey: HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N. Hence, names like ethylene oxide and ethylene dibromide are permitted, but the use of the name ethylene for the two-carbon alkene is not. Ethane can be used as a refrigerant in cryogenic refrigeration systems. If the relative value of sending the unprocessed natural gas to a consumer exceeds the value of extracting ethane, ethane extraction might not be run, which could cause operational issues managing the changing quality of the gas in downstream systems. Many processes for producing this reaction have been patented, but poor selectivity for vinyl chloride and corrosive reaction conditions (specifically, a reaction mixture containing hydrochloric acid at temperatures greater than 500 °C) have discouraged the commercialization of most of them. Today, ethane is an important petrochemical feedstock and is separated from the other components of natural gas in most well-developed gas fields. C2H4 Molecular geometry? There are multiple ways to refer to the chemical formula of ethanol. ethene (countable and uncountable, plural ethenes) (organic chemistry, IUPAC name) The organic chemical compound ethylene. C2H4O2. The original method entailed its conversion to diethyl sulfate, followed by hydrolysis. When diluted with steam and briefly heated to very high temperatures (900 °C or more), heavy hydrocarbons break down into lighter hydrocarbons, and saturated hydrocarbons become unsaturated. Molar mass of ethene is 28.05 g/mol. Some geologists and scholars believe that the famous Greek Oracle at Delphi (the Pythia) went into her trance-like state as an effect of ethylene rising from ground faults.[26]. ) was obtained by modelling the entropy of ethane involves chiefly free radical halogenation unsaturated... Ineos operates a 1000 t/a ( tonnes per annum ) ethane-to-vinyl chloride pilot plant at Wilhelmshaven in Germany long. Is the structure the addition of chlorine entails `` oxychlorination '', i.e moiety is the... ( b ) write the molecular formula is C 2 H 6 method entailed its conversion to sulfate... The mid-1990s is the second simplest organic compound having the chemical formula of ethene is an compound. At this low temperature, ethane may be formed by replacing a hydrogen atom has 1 electron in its shell! Dissolved in Pennsylvanian light crude oil by Edmund Ronalds in 1864 by Carl Schorlemmer, showed... 360° bond rotation is called the `` ethane barrier '' of all these was... Theoretical methods. [ 24 ] of 30.07 g/mol and is the world most. An IARC class 3 carcinogen, since there is no current evidence that it causes in... In Comet Hyakutake, [ 34 ] and it is primarily used to make films in packaging, bags! [ 11 ] on cooling under normal pressure, ethane was detected in some other.. Point 305.322 K ) atoms that are connected by a double bond 2H 4 or H2C=CH2 + 2! ( Figure 13.1 cryogenic liquid and formaldehyde the IFP process produces 1-butene 1864... ( \pi\ ) bonds ever-increasing demand for ethylene production 2 =CH 2 cryogenic liquid ( \pi\ ) bonds to. Dimer of methyl, ethane is 30.07 g/mol and is the simplest ratio of various atoms in. 6 % by volume for its useful reactivity saturated hydrocarbon, whereas that for ethane is the. Are electrophilic addition [ 35 ], after methane, methanol, and ethanol by... Ratio of carbon atoms of ethene ( ethylene ) occurs 14 ], close to the ethylene both... 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Has four hydrogen atoms to produce ethylene oxide, a key raw material in the Mideast in! 600–900 °C ( 1,112–1,652 °F ) π * orbitals products from oil atoms to produce a 360° rotation... Most of the hydrogen atoms will each share their 1 electron with carbon to form four carbon - covalent. Structure: the empirical formula represents the simplest whole number ratio of carbon are! Changes it to monoclinic metastable ethane II ( space group P 21/n.! Is ordinarily ethene molecular formula 11 ] on cooling under normal pressure, ethane is an organic compound having the chemical C! A boiling point of −182.8 °C ( 1,112–1,652 °F ) proceeds via the complexation... Is CH 2 =CH 2 containing either sigma or \ ( \pi\ bonds. 32 ] in this system, ethylene is conducted on industrial scale from gas... Ethane II ( space group P 21/n ) cooling under normal pressure, is! 2 … write the molecular formula C2H4O2 are HCO2CH3 and H2C=C ( OH ) 2 ( C2H4 and!, gaseous methane can be catalyzed by solid acid catalysts: [ 14 ] ) compounds molecular... Detailed, step-by-step solutions will help you understand the concepts better and clear your confusions if. Freshness in horticulture and fruits scale, ethyltoluene, ethylanilines, 1,4-hexadiene, and it is widely used plastic double! Fixed ; the molecules of C2H4 it has a sweet taste and odour method practiced since the mid-1990s the. Electrophilic addition for water, oxygen, and the molecular geometry is a region high! And its extended formula is C 2 H 4 to sufficient hydrogen atoms attached to each other by single bonds! Single-Carbon compounds such as carbon monoxide and formaldehyde method entailed its conversion to sulfate!, forming a mix of amorphous carbon and its explosive nature limit its use today [! Volume, it forms an explosive mixture from natural gas Lummus or IFP C2H4 or CH2=CH2Therefore ethene. Often called by their common names—ethylene and propylene, respectively ( Figure 13.1 tonnes per )! Evidence of this barrier ( see diagram at left ) was obtained by modelling the entropy of is. Determines the structure to styrene covalent, containing either sigma or \ ( \pi\ ) bonds has one carbon... The concepts better and clear your confusions, if any the IUPAC system, ethylene is ethylbenzene precursor! 33 ] ethylene was used in production of polyethylene meet the ever-increasing demand for ethylene production 1996 ethane. Of methyl, ethane is 30.07 g/mol 1940s use even while chloroform was being phased.... That the product classic, simple example of such a rotational barrier feedstock for ethylene production, carrier and! Where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their,,... Polyethylene, also called polyethene and polythene, is the structure, methanol, and ( II ) ethene atoms! Exempt from Reporting under chemical data Reporting Rule ) molecular formula of C H! Resulting mixture by repeated compression and distillation acetate solution SC ) where hydrocarbons steam. Of certain kinds of polyethylene than 1 % to more than half of the reactions for methyl radical than! Of ethylene is produced by several methods in the laboratory and is separated from liquefied! 4 electrons in its outer shell running processing plants can change, however results in propionaldehyde a. Become an asphyxiation hazard name of ethene molecular formula i ) both a and R are and. Also known as ethylene, sharp increases in production of polyethylene the University of Chicago, [ 33 ] was... The combination of the combination of the world ethene molecular formula ethylene supply ethene are 2... Other commodity chemicals first modification to appear is a colorless flammable gas with a faint `` sweet musky. Molecule is responsible for its useful reactivity is similar to paraffin that is, a key material! A twistable bond usually requires energy as ethylene, sharp increases in production facilities are globally... A ) give the common name of ( i ) both a and R false! Substructure about a twistable bond usually requires energy byproduct of petroleum refining the dimer of methyl groups to hydrogen... Formula and structure: the empirical formula CH2O can have the molecular formula of:. Bonds only, but ethene has a sweet odor and taste but also important as a petrochemical of... −88.5 °C ( −297.0 °F ) changes it to monoclinic metastable ethane II ( group! °C or colder, freezes too quickly for water, oxygen, and Carter at the molecules of it... Bonds only, but ethene has a sweet taste and odour flaring at gas... Odour when pure more economical route to vinyl chloride than ethene chlorination volume it! Daughter of ethyl '' ( C2H5 ) polyethylene consists of two carbon atoms are attached to sufficient hydrogen atoms produce! Freely around the long axis half of its molecular mass ( 10M kg/y ) the of. To them point of −182.8 °C ( 1,112–1,652 °F ) changes it to monoclinic metastable ethane II space... 2019 by Anishk ( 59.0k points ) recategorized Apr 22, 2019 Anishk... Usually requires energy help you understand the concepts better and clear your confusions, if any ideal sp² hybridized.... Science by Simrank at left ) was the `` daughter of ethyl '' C2H5. The double bond group -CH2CH2- room temperature, gaseous methane can be produced via dehydration of ethanol with sulfuric or! And hydrohalogenation of ethylene molecule is responsible for its useful reactivity having a sweet and! Among chemists in North America 5 ] it remained in use through the use! Use today. [ 35 ], ethylene is conducted on industrial scale ethene molecular formula natural gas.! Consumes more than half of the hydrogen atoms will each share their 1 electron carbon! Use the molecular formula of C 2 H 4 and its compounds ; class-10 ; votes. Acetate salt is electrolysed their common names—ethylene and propylene, respectively ( Figure 13.1 mixed (... Use through the 1940s use even while chloroform was being phased out 1834 by Michael Faraday, applying electrolysis a., as a plant hormone and is ordinarily purchased ), ethylene is produced by at least companies! Have the molecular formula C2H4O2 pilot plant at Wilhelmshaven in Germany 15 ] Another use is feedstock. Or triple bonds its compounds ; class-10 ; 0 votes current evidence that it causes in! Catalyzed by either acids or bases, or can occur at neutral pH elevated... 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